A Brief Talk on the Development of Solution for Vehicle Video Surveillance System
The traditional fixed-point on-board video surveillance only saves the video of the vehicle for video recording. In the 2G environment (GPRS / EDGE / CDMA), some manufacturers try to perform instant network transmission of pictures and videos. The occupancy rate of the picture network transmission is low. Generally, the photo network can be transmitted back to the center in about 10 seconds. The video network transmission has higher requirements on the network. The 2G network environment can only transmit video images with low frame rate.
With the continuous popularity of 3G networks, in the 3G network environment, the network bandwidth has increased exponentially, which can meet the needs of video data transmission with high frame rate and high image quality. The original in-vehicle video surveillance solutions that are solely based on recording are gradually developing towards systematization, networking, and platforming. Due to the mobility of vehicles, users' demands for remote video browsing of vehicles, GPS satellite positioning of vehicles, and data interaction between vehicle-mounted terminals and platforms are particularly urgent. The technical development direction of in-vehicle video surveillance system-level solutions is briefly discussed below.
1. Analysis of the current situation and needs of on-board video surveillance system-level solutions
1. Wireless network adaptability needs
The vehicle-mounted wireless networked video surveillance system is significantly different from the traditional fixed-point video surveillance:
1) The terminal IP address is not fixed and there are firewall restrictions; the IP address assigned by the operator to the wireless terminal may be changed at any time, and the firewall is restricted, and some ports are closed;
2) The network bandwidth fluctuates greatly. Problems such as the number of users in the location of the wireless network, regional differences, and network optimization affect future quality. The network bandwidth changes in real time, and may even drop to zero in an instant. Bandwidth change mode;
3) The vehicle-mounted terminal moves in real time, the base station switches frequently, and the movement also causes the uncertainty of video wireless network transmission. In order to improve the effect of wireless video transmission of in-vehicle video, it is necessary to improve the video encoding algorithm and network transmission protocol according to the above characteristics.
2. Requirements for multi-level data management
The core requirement of a large-scale video surveillance system is that it can achieve multi-level management. The vehicle video surveillance system should have the following functions:
1) Privilege allocation management, for security reasons, it is necessary to classify users so that they have different privileges and assign different tasks;
2) Video streaming media forwarding technology, the video transmitted to the center through the wireless network should be distributed to different users, to meet the requirements of multiple users browsing one channel of video at the same time;
3) System expansion performance, the system should consider the requirements of capacity expansion after the number of users increases in the future. On the basis of not changing the system topology, only increasing the number of forwarding servers can expand the system.
3. Intelligent traffic management needs
Intelligent Transportation System (ITS for short) is a kind of integrated transportation that uses a variety of advanced electronic technologies to effectively integrate the entire transportation management system, and establishes a comprehensive, real-time, accurate, and efficient transportation that functions in a wide range and in all directions. And management system.
The vehicle-mounted video surveillance system as an organic component of the intelligent transportation system can achieve the following functions: 1) vehicle GPS positioning information management, vehicle-mounted video surveillance terminal can transmit GPS satellite positioning information to the management center in real time; 2) vehicle information is uploaded in real time, vehicle-mounted video terminal Real-time network transmission of vehicle status (such as engine speed and other information) to the management center; 3) Data interaction function, 3G wireless network can not only meet the in-vehicle video network transmission, but also realize voice, text, pictures and other information Interactive; 4) Other functions, intelligent traffic management has a strong demand for real-time vehicle passenger flow statistics. The management center can have a general understanding of the number of people in the vehicle through real-time video browsing.
4. Demand for advertising and entertainment videos
Advertisement and entertainment can obtain a certain income for car owners. In today's fierce competition in the domestic vehicle advertising industry, personalized vehicle advertising services have become the general direction of vehicle advertising development. The main needs of advertisers are: 1) Real-time update of vehicle advertising data, 3G network can meet the needs of advertisers to update vehicle advertising in real time; 2) Advertisement data feedback, advertisers need to perform statistical analysis on the number of daily advertisements, which is The vehicle-mounted terminal is required to accumulate the amount of advertisements broadcast and interact with the center; 3) Data interaction function, while placing advertisements, the system should have data interaction functions such as announcements, weather forecasts, and road information.
Second, system-level solution analysis
1. Vehicle video monitoring system composition structure
The car video surveillance system is composed of three parts: car terminal, wireless network transmission subsystem, and central management platform.
(1) In addition to traditional video recording functions, vehicle-mounted terminals (that is, vehicle-mounted DVRs) should also have the following functions: GPS satellite positioning, 3G wireless network transmission, multimedia advertising, entertainment video broadcasting, and so on.
(2) Wireless network transmission subsystem, the system can use the operator's 3G network system for real-time wireless network transmission of data.
(3) The central management platform performs unified management of the system, assigns user and terminal rights, manages streaming media forwarding of video data, and interacts with data information.
2. Function Introduction of Car Video Surveillance System
(1) Real-time video browsing
View the video images uploaded by the car terminal in real time, and adjust and manage the video image resolution, code stream, frame rate, image quality and other parameters.
(2) Alarm processing Emergency alarm is a major point in the car video surveillance system. After the car terminal sends out an alarm signal, the client software should immediately pop up the video images inside and outside the car and give a sound alarm prompt. In addition, the system should also have alarm functions such as equipment failure alarm, overspeed alarm, blocking alarm, and cross-border alarm.
(3) Interactive management of data
The vehicle-mounted terminal and the central management platform can exchange information such as voice, video, picture, and text to meet the user's demand for advertising and entertainment data interaction.
(4) Vehicle scheduling management
The monitoring center performs positioning and scheduling management of the vehicles, displays the geographic location information of the vehicles on the large screen of the monitoring center, and performs reasonable scheduling management according to the road conditions where the vehicles are located.
(E), data retrieval and analysis
The system can trace and analyze historical data, such as historical video recording retrieval playback, GPS positioning track playback, alarm data retrieval analysis, etc.
3. Key technical characteristics of vehicle video surveillance system
(1) Wireless video firewall penetration technology
In order to break through the operator's restrictions on the wireless network, the system should support the firewall penetration function. The firewall penetration technology is similar to the VPN technology. The vehicle terminal uses an active connection mode for network connection, that is, a constant connection is established between the vehicle terminal and the central server. Channel, usually transmitting heartbeat packets and GPS positioning information; when the video needs to be transmitted, the client extracts the video stream from the vehicle terminal through the forwarding server.
(2) Video streaming low bandwidth wireless network transmission technology
Video wireless low-bandwidth wireless transmission technologies include the following:
(1) The coding algorithm with high compression efficiency is adopted, and currently the H.264 compression algorithm is mainly used;
(2) Video streaming can adapt to changes in wireless network bandwidth, and timely adjust the video sending frame rate and code stream;
(3) To ensure the security of video information, the operator's private network can be used for data transmission, such as China Telecom's VPDN network, China Mobile and China Unicom's APN network.
(3) Streaming media forwarding technology
Schematic diagram of streaming media forwarding technology
Due to the limitation of the upstream bandwidth of the wireless network, in order to meet the monitoring center or other remote customers' simultaneous video access to the vehicle-mounted terminal, the monitoring center should be equipped with a streaming media forwarding server. All video access to the vehicle-mounted terminal is forwarded through the streaming media forwarding server, so that the video service of the vehicle-mounted terminal occupies only one channel. Streaming media forwarding technology can relieve network bandwidth tension, improve the efficiency of responding to access, and exchange for higher bandwidth utilization at the least time cost.
(4) Multi-server load balancing technology
There is a lot of data interaction between the monitoring center and the vehicle-mounted terminal. Among them, GPS positioning information needs to occupy a large amount of database storage space. When the vehicle exceeds a certain number, one server cannot meet the requirements of system management. The system should support multi-server balanced load. System load balancing means that multiple servers are processed in parallel in a symmetrical manner, and each server has an equivalent status, and can provide services independently without the assistance of other servers; multi-server load balancing technology also provides a perfect system for seamless expansion s solution.
(5) Choice of 3G video wireless network transmission system
Video network transmission mainly uses the uplink of the 3G network. Below is a comparison and description of the uplink rates of 3 different 3G network standards.
In addition, the local network coverage should be fully considered when selecting a wireless network standard.
With the rapid development of electronic technology today, we can foresee that in the near future, in-vehicle video surveillance systems will be an important component of intelligent transportation, providing strong guarantee for vehicle scheduling management, driving safety, and improving vehicle utilization.
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