Short-circuit protection is when the circuit fails, for example, without passing the load, the resistance of the wire is almost negligible, so the extremely large current generated in an instant can cut off the power supply to prevent equipment damage and cause accidents. Overload protection refers to cutting off the power when the total current caused by the load in the starting state at the same time exceeds the rated current that the section of wire can withstand, so as to prevent the wire from being damaged. Under normal circumstances, a flat copper wire can withstand a current of 5A.
The so-called overload protection is also called overcurrent protection. The so-called overcurrent, that is, the current flowing through electrical equipment and lines, not only exceeds its rated current value, but also exceeds its allowable withstand time. There are two types of overcurrent: allowable overcurrent and fault overcurrent. When a squirrel-cage motor starts, its starting current is much higher than the rated current, but it does not exceed its allowable withstand time, so overcurrent is allowed. Overload protection is all in terms of fault overcurrent. Short circuit is also overload, which is a serious overload phenomenon.
It will cause great damage to electrical equipment and wiring, and even cause fires. Overload protection generally uses an inverse time overcurrent protection device, that is, the greater the current flowing through the protection device, the shorter the time limit for action. The fuse also has certain inverse time characteristics. In addition, there are bimetallic thermal relays and so on. Short-circuit protection generally uses instantaneous action. There are electromagnetic, electronic and other forms.
Short circuit protection is the protection caused by shorting the neutral line and the live line together, and the overload protection is the protection caused by overloading. Short-circuit protection is when the circuit fails.
Short-circuit protection is a strong electromotive force that can cause insulation damage to electrical equipment due to short-circuit current, and mechanical damage to motors and electrical equipment. Therefore, it is required to cut off the power supply quickly and reliably. Overload protection is a protection set to prevent the current of the three-phase motor from exceeding the rated value during operation.
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