Solar controller circuit diagram Daquan (LM393 / power / PIC12F675 microcontroller controller)

Photocoupler

Solar controller circuit diagram (1)

First, the circuit structure

The circuit is as shown. The two-voltage comparator LM393 has two inverting input terminals 2 and 6 connected together, and a voltage of 6.2V is provided by the Zener diode ZD1 for comparison voltage. The two output terminals 1 and 7 are respectively connected with feedback resistors. The partial output signal is fed back to the non-inverting input terminals 3 and 5, thus turning the dual voltage comparator into a double hysteresis voltage comparator, so that the circuit does not oscillate near the critical point of the comparison voltage. R1, RP1, C1, A1, Q1, Q2 and J1 constitute an overcharge voltage detection comparison control circuit; R3, RP2, C2, A2, Q3, Q4 and J2 constitute an over-discharge voltage detection comparison control circuit. Potentiometers RP1 and RP2 regulate the setting of overcharge and overdischarge voltage. The tunable three-terminal regulator LM371 provides a stable 8V operating voltage for the LM393. The rechargeable battery is a 12V65Ah fully sealed maintenance-free lead-acid battery; the solar cell uses a 40W silicon solar cell module to output a DC operating voltage and current of about 17V and 2.3A under standard illumination; D1 is an anti-back charge diode to prevent silicon sun. The battery becomes a consumer when the sun is weak.

Second, the working principle

When the sunlight is shining, the DC current generated by the silicon solar cell module passes through the J1-1 normally closed contact and R1, so that the LED1 emits light, waiting for the battery to be charged; K is closed, the three-terminal regulator outputs 8V voltage, and the circuit starts. The operation, overcharge voltage detection comparison control circuit and over-discharge voltage detection comparison control circuit simultaneously detect and compare the battery terminal voltage. When the battery terminal voltage is less than the preset overcharge voltage value, the 6 pin potential of A1 is higher than the 5 pin potential, the 7 pin output low potential makes Q1 cut off, Q2 is turned on, LED2 emits light to indicate charging, J1 action, and its contact J1 The -1 switching position, the silicon solar cell module charges the battery through D1. The battery is gradually filled. When the voltage at its terminal is greater than the preset overcharge voltage, the potential of pin 6 of A1 is lower than the potential of pin 5, and the output of pin 7 is high, so that Q1 is turned on, Q2 is turned off, LED2 is extinguished, and J1 is released. J1-1 disconnects the charging circuit and LED1 illuminates, indicating that charging is stopped.

When the battery terminal voltage is greater than the preset over-discharge voltage value, the potential of the 3 pin of A2 is higher than the potential of the 2 pin, the output of the 1 pin is high, so that Q3 is turned on, Q4 is turned off, LED3 is extinguished, and J2 is released. The normally closed contact J2-1 is closed, and the LED 4 emits light, indicating that the load is working normally; when the battery discharges to the load, the terminal voltage will gradually decrease, and when the terminal voltage is reduced to less than the preset over-discharge voltage value, the A2 3-pin potential Below 2 feet potential, 1 pin output low potential makes Q3 cut off, Q4 turns on, LED3 light indicates over discharge, J2 action, its contact J2-1 is disconnected, normal indicator LED4 is off. Another normally closed contact J2-2 (not shown) is also disconnected, cutting off the load circuit to prevent the battery from continuing to discharge. When K is closed, the battery is charged again.

Solar controller circuit diagram (2)

12V 20A solar charging controller circuit diagram

IC1 TLC2272Cp

IC2 CD4013BE CMOS

Q1 2N3904

Q2 IRF4905

Q3 2N3905

D1 1N4148

D2 20L15T

ZD1 1N5242 12V Zener Diode

LED1 red/green color

TZ1 V7270 or V727 Transient Voltage Suppressor

TM1 2.0K (25°C) NTC Thermistor

F1 20A Insurance

VR1 100K

All resistance 1/4w

R1 270K

R2 470K

R3 75K

R4 180K

R5, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11 100K

R6 200K

R12, R16, R17, R18, 330Ω

R13, R14 2.2K

R15 10K

C1 220μf 35V

C8 10nf

C2-c7, c9-c12 100nf