Fish should also choose the lamp? It is very knowledgeable!
Release date: 2018-02-01 Source: Zhongzhao.com Share: 
At present, there are dozens of species such as grouper, scorpion, scorpion, scorpion, scorpion and scorpion. When constructing a water-flow or circulating water industry breeding workshop, the aquaculture company considers that light as a direct energy in the water enters the water directly or indirectly and has an important impact on the feeding, reproduction and endocrine of the fish. It is necessary to carry out the breeding workshop. Lighting planning.
Each fish has a common visual and physiological structure in its geographical environment, including water depth, dissolved oxygen, and food chain structure. Therefore, there is no general general illumination form. So they will encounter a series of confusion: how to plan the lighting environment of the workshop? What kind of lighting is most beneficial? What is the scientific basis for selection?
1 The status of lighting in the breeding workshop
Most of the workshops now use traditional fluorescent tubes, but the fluorescent tubes have a single color, are not waterproof, can not be intelligently manipulated, and are damaged by mercury metal. Therefore, people are more and more fond of LED light source with precise spectrum, high protection level, energy saving and environmental protection, long life and intelligent controllable.
The next question is what color, how much power, and what type of LED to use. To answer these questions, we must first understand the physiological structure of the fisheye and the knowledge of light changes in the water, and then analyze the general rules based on the illumination plan.
2 Fisheye visual physiological structure
In the evolution of hundreds of millions of years, aquatic animals are naturally used to the natural underwater light environment. The breeding company needs to calculate the artificial light environment according to the visual structure of the fish and the depth and color of the rest of the natural environment.
The eye structure of fish is similar to that of high-grade vertebrate, and the absorption spectrum is 430-620 nm, but it has its own characteristics due to the life in the water. The fish eyeball consists of sensitized cone cells and rod cells. The cone cells receive bright light, which has the ability to distinguish between color and precision. The rod cells receive weak light, have high light sensitivity, no color discrimination and precise discrimination. Living in light conditions, the upper water body fish, cones thrive; night out, deep sea fish retina has few cone cells, and even the retina is completely composed of rod cells.
3 rules for changing light in water
Light is more complex to convey in water, following the fundamental formula: the fundamental energy is inversely proportional to the wavelength. That is, the penetration of red orange wavelength light in water is much smaller than that of short-wavelength blue-green light. Generally, the red-orange light can only reach about 10 meters in the incident water, and the blue light spreads in the seawater to a depth of nearly 100 meters. The radiance of sunlight into the water depends on the turbidity of the water. Through absorption, refraction, and emission, the light intensity decreases exponentially.
4 workshop lighting planning general rules
Although each fish's visual nervous system is different, according to the above analysis, the general rules of workshop light care compliance can be summarized.
1. The eyes of fish are similar to those of high-grade vertebrates, so all-day light and all blacks are suffocating to the growth and development of fish.
2. In general, the visual retinal of the fish retina is common to the light peaks of the resting water spectrum. Therefore, deep-water fish prefer blue-green light; the near-shore and fresh-water fish absorb the spectrum more heavily than the red-orange band.
3. The salinity of the spawning ground is the main factor determining the visual pigment of fish. The absorption spectrum of migratory fish in spawning grounds is 430nm-562nm for visible light short-wavelength and 570-620nm for fresh water.
4. The photoperiod is one of the factors that influence the delayed and accelerated development of the gonads of fish. This is an economical solution that is simple and does not increase the cost.
5, broodstock development, naive fish, adult fish have different needs for light environment.
6, the light environment is only an influencing condition, but also with the temperature, dissolved oxygen and other factors.
5LED lamp selection
After looking at the material professional analysis, you can contact the LED manufacturer. The following are questions that should be noted when ordering:
1. If there are national, industrial or local luminaire specifications, the corresponding energy conservation and safety regulations shall be met.
2. It is necessary to use a lamp chip with high luminous power. Taking white light as an example, now the white light high-power whole lamp has a luminous power of more than 100Lm/W.
3. Aquatic LED lamps mainly include bulb lamps, line tube lamps, mining lamps, flood lamps, etc. The first two types of power are smaller, and the latter two are larger. In the case of lifting frames of 3 to 4 meters high, bulbs and linear lamps are often used. In the case of mining lights with a height of 3 to 4 meters, the flood light should be suitable. The selection of the lamp type also takes into account the light distribution curve of the luminaire in combination with the geometry of the rearing pond.
4, the life of the lamp can reach more than 30,000 hours. When selecting, the protection level should be no less than IP65, and the anti-corrosion level should reach WF2.
5, in general, bulbs, T8 tube lights because of the huge production, it is relatively cheap. If you choose these two types of lamps, the lamp head of the bulb should be sealed and waterproof, and the T8 tube needs to be sealed or with a clear PC three-proof cover.
6. The white light emitted by the LED is mostly made by the InGaN blue chip stimulating the color mixing of the phosphor, and the LED with low color temperature or high color rendering is not the natural solar white spectrum.
7. Regarding the intelligent light communication network interface protocol, if the workshop lighting is relatively concentrated, it is better to use the RS485 cable management system. If there are many lamps and scatters, use the ZigBee and other basic protocol wireless network management system. Regardless of the dimming method used, the luminaire should be set to gradually open and quit, so as to avoid the stress response of the fish when the light is turned on and off.
Farmers have gradually realized that light as a physical means can regulate the development of gonads in fish, promote nutrient growth, and achieve high-quality protein. If you know the basic knowledge of the planning of the aquatic product workshop, or the data of the fish light experiment, and reasonable selection of LED lamps, it will be able to build a light environment that is suitable for artificial breeding of aquatic products, with a multiplier effect.
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