The basic structure of the optocoupler is that the chip of the light emitter (infrared light emitting diode (infrared LED) and the photosensor (silicon photodetection sensitive device) is packaged in the same casing, and is filled with transparent resin as a light transmission medium, usually The pin of the light emitter is used as the input end, and the pin of the photosensor is used as the output end. When the input end is powered, the light signal emitted by the light emitter is projected to the photosensor through the transparent resin photoconductive medium, and converted into an electrical signal output. The realization of the light-to-light→electrical signal conversion transmission by light is completely isolated electrically. The main performance characteristics of the optocoupler are as follows:
1Isolation performance is good, the input terminal and the output terminal are completely electrically isolated. The insulation resistance RISO can generally reach more than 1010Ω. The insulation withstand voltage VISO can meet the requirements of use at low voltage. The high withstand voltage can generally exceed lkV. Up to 10kV or more.
2 The optical signal is transmitted in one direction, and the output signal has no feedback to the input end, which can effectively block the electrical connection between the circuits or the system, but does not cut off the signal transmission between them.
3 optical signals are not subject to electromagnetic interference, and the work is stable and reliable.
4 Strong anti-common mode interference, can effectively suppress interference and eliminate noise.
5 The spectral matching of light emission and photosensors is ideal, the response speed is fast, and the transmission efficiency is high.
6 easy to connect with the logic circuit.
7 no contact. Long life. The volume is resistant to impact.
8 Wide operating temperature range, in line with industrial and military temperature standards.
From the application point of view, it is required that the optocoupler has its own corresponding characteristics in different applications, the current transmission ratio is larger than CTR, the linearity is good, the insulation voltage is high, the high speed and large capacity, and the coupling of the voltage drop after the conduction is reduced. Efficiency (ie CTR) and isolation characteristics are its main attractions. The types of products developed can meet the needs of different occasions and improve the reliability of electronic circuits.
The optocoupler is mainly used to isolate the high frequency circuit and the low frequency circuit. The high frequency signal generated by the high frequency circuit interferes with the low frequency circuit, and the optical coupler can connect two parts and shield the high frequency signal. In addition, there are many types of optocouplers, how far they can be transmitted, and also because of different types.
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